Study of Clinical and Etiological Pattern of Anterior Uveitis in Western Odisha

Background and Objectives: Uveitis is a potentially sight-threatening disease affecting people from all over the world. It attributes to 5-20% of legal blindness in developed countries and 25% of blindness in the developing world. Uveitis includes a varied group of intraocular inflammatory conditions that may occur at any age but affect mostly working-age people. The average annual incidence of uveitis has been reported as approximately 14- 17/1,00,000. Aim is to study the clinical and etiological pattern of anterior uveitis. Objectives are to evaluate the clinical pattern of anterior uveitis, to study the etiological pattern of anterior uveitis, to identify the complications of anterior uveitis, to assess the treatment outcome. Methods: A prospective clinical study was done in the Department of Ophthalmology, Rourkela, Odisha during September 2019 - March 2021 (18 months)between the age group of 20-80 years. Each patient was called for follow up on 1st day, 2nd day, 1 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks from the day of presentation The complications like posterior synechiae, complicated cataract, raised IOP, macular edema were noted and the response to treatment was recorded and evaluated in each patient. Results and conclusion: Despite all efforts to identify the cause, the most common cause of anterior uveitis remained idiopathic (48.6% ) followed by immune related cause (20.3%). Visual acuity was 6/12 or worse in majority of the patients at presentation and following medical line of treatment most patients regained visual acuity of 6/9 or better after 6 weeks, which was statistically significant (p<0.0001).