Optimizing the Pollution Generating Mechanisms for Steel Making in Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF): Theoretical and Experimental Analysis

The paper presents a theoretical and experimental analysis of the polluting generating mechanisms for steel making in the Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF). The scheme for the environment’s polluting system through the EAF is designed and presented in this paper. The ecological experimenting consisted of determining by specialized measures of the dust percentage in the evacuated gases from the EAF and of thereof gas pollutants. From the point of view of reducing the impact on the environment, the main problem of the electric arc furnace (EAF) is the optimization of the powder collecting from the process gases, both from the furnace and from the work-area. The paper deals with the best dependence between the aggregate’s constructive, functional and technological factors, which are necessary for the furnace’s ecologization and for its energetically-technologically performance increasing. The electric arc furnaces (EAFs) for making steels are important polluting agents due to the emissions containing powders and burnt gases. The paper presents a theoretical and experimental analysis of the process of chemist for the evacuated burnt gases in an EAF steel making plant. The gaseous phase (burnt gases) that comes out of the EAF mainly results from the melting and refining procedures and contains carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide together with nitrogen and sulfur oxides (NOx and SOx). A scheme for the environment’s polluting system through the EAF is presented. The industrial experiments consisted in the determination, by specialized measurements, of the dust percentage in the evacuated gases from the EAF and of the chemical composition of polluting burnt gases.