Evidence from an In vivo Study of the Prevalence of Trichomonas tenax and Entamoeba gingivalis in Periodontal Disease Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

Aim: The purpose of this research was to compare normal people to those undergoing chemotherapy for periodontal disease and to determine the effect of the oral bacteria Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax. Then determine the parasites' pathogenicity by studying them in live organisms.

Materials and Methods: The research included 80 participants: 30 patients with periodontitis who visited the AL-Karama dental clinic, and 20 patients undergoing chemotherapy who were sent to the national center of hematology at Mustanasiriyah University in Iraq. In addition, the remaining 30 people were seen as a control group with healthy teeth and gums. Gum scrapings were promptly microscopically inspected using two methods: a wet-mount smear and a Giemsa-Romanovesky stain. As part of the experiment, the positive samples were cultivated on specific cultures and then applied to the gingival margins of three groups of rats, one of which was given an immunosuppressive medicine and the other two did not. This process was repeated for each parasite.

Results: Entamoeba gingivalis is more common in periodontitis patients (36.7% greater frequency), according to the data. Chemotherapy patients had a 30% greater frequency of E. gingivalis and a 10% higher frequency of Trichomonas tenax compared to the control group, whereas the percentages for the other two bacteria were 15% and 3.333%, respectively. There was no death, inflammation, or ulceration in the control group, but all rats in the first group that dealt with E. gingivalis developed periodontal ulcers; two rats in the second group died after 10 days; one rat in the third group had mild gingival inflammation but was otherwise healthy; and all rats in the fourth group dealt with T. tenax were still alive and had healthy gingiva.

Conclusion: Periodontal individuals had elevated E. gingivalis frequencies, according to these results. Frequencies were greater in the treatment group compared to the control group. People undergoing chemotherapy may develop a harmful infection caused by In Vivo Entamoeba gingivalis.