Histopathological Pattern of Thyroid Diseases in Abuja, Nigeria Capital City: A Review of One Hundred and One Consecutive Cases: Advanced Study

This study is a histopathological review of 101 consecutive thyroidectomy specimen processed and
histologically diagnosed in Anatomic Pathology Department of Asokoro District Hospital, Abuja,
Nigeria new capital city between 2010 and 2014. Nodular colloid goiter is the preponderance thyroid
lesion seen constituting 75%, of all cases with a male to female ratio of 0.17:1. Neoplasms (11%)
represent the second most common pathology with thyroid adenoma representing 8% of cases and
thyroid carcinoma 3%, of cases. Seventy five percent of the adenoma was seen in females and all the
carcinoma occurred in females. Other lesions are thyroglossal duct cyst (7%) and thyroiditis (7%).
The study reveals a higher incidence of papillary carcinoma over follicular carcinoma and this
represents a reversal to findings in most African population-based study. There is also a high
incidence of thyroiditis in comparison with other works in Africa. Because of the small size of our
sample population, accurate inference on the gender division of various disorders may not be
conclusive. There is a need for further study on the pathology of thyroid lesions in Abuja in order to
elucidate the reasons for the disparity noted.