Plant Regeneration in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss]: Experimental Investigation

Brassica juncea is an important mustard species grown for edible oil in India. The current study establishes an efficient and reproducible plant regeneration protocol from callus employing mature cotyledons and seeds as explants and embryogenic cell suspension cultures derived from embryogenic friable calli. MS basal media enriched with 3.0 mgl-1 2, 4-D produced the best callus induction. Supplementation of 0.5 mgl-1 BAP in combination with 0.5-1.0 mgl-1 2,4-D resulted in further regeneration via embryogenesis/ organogenesis. The superiority of mature seeds as explants has been demonstrated, implying that this explant has greater morphogenic potential. Furthermore, the genotype, type (s), and relative concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators all had a substantial impact on the success of plantlet regeneration. In the future, these techniques could be used for genetic transformation and in vitro selection of Indian mustard elite genotypes.