Evaluation of Effect of Capparis decidua Root Extract on Brochoconstriction and Bronchial Hyperreactivity in Experimental Animals

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of Capparis decidua root extract on brochoconstriction and bronchial hyperreactivity in experimental animals. The acute oral toxicity study was carried out in accordance with OECD guidelines, and the extract was found to be safe up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg. The bronchodilator activity of Capparis decidua root was evaluated using various experimental models like histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs and milk-induced leukocytosis in mice, histamine-induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs, studies on PCT and milk-induced leukocytosis in mice, studies on blood. Phytochemical tests confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, steroids, glycosides, tannins, and saponins in the ethanolic extract of Capparis deciduas root. They have been the action of smooth muscle relaxant, a bronchodilator, antioxidant,anti-inflammatory, mast cell stabilizing, anti-allergic, and antihistaminic activity.

Antihistaminic drugs Chlorpheniramine maleate and ethanolic extract of Capparis decidua root significantly protected the guinea pigs against histamine-induced bronchospasm. In comparison to the control, the ethanolic section of Capparis decidua root significantly prolonged the latent period of convulsions. Capparis decidua root ethanolic extract inhibits milk-induced leucocytosis by stabilising oxidative stress in the surrounding tissue.

It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of Capparis decidua root possesses significant bronchodilatory, anti-histaminic and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, ethanolic extract of Capparis decidua root have significant anti-asthmatic activity. Thus, ethanolic extract of Capparis decidua root have proved to be an effective drug in asthma.