Evaluation of Phenotypic Stability for Grain Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes Using AMMI and GGE Biplot Models

The experimens were carried out under four seasons with 9 rice genotypes at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Warangal, Telangana State, India during kharif season (July to November) 2019 (E1), rabi season (December to April) 2019-20 (E2), kharif season (July to November) 2020 (E3) and rabi season (December to April) 2020-21 (E4). The objective of the study was to assess the stability and adaptability of 9 rice genotypes over four seasons. Analysis of variance clearly showed that environments contributed the highest (69.66%) in the total sum of squares followed by genotypes×environments (12.66%) indicating a very greater role played by environments and their interactions in realizing final grain yield. AMMI 1 analysis revealed that rice genotypes viz., G4 (WGL 1367), G3 (WGL 1362), and G6 (WGL 1370) recorded higher mean grain yield with positive IPCA1 scores. AMMI 2 revealed that the genotypes, G6 (WGL 1370) and G3 (WGL 1362) were plotted near to zero IPCA1 axis indicating that these genotypes are relatively more stable across locations. GGE bi-plot genotype view depicts that the genotypes G4 (WGL 1367) and G3 (WGL 1362) were fell in the second concentric circle and found to be more stable across environments. GGE bi-plot environment view showed that rabi season of 2020-21 (E4) was the most ideal environment. However, rabi season of 2019-20 (E2) and kharif season 2020 (E3) were poor and most discriminating. What-won-where biplot indicated that four environments fell into two mega environments. Hence the genotype G4 (WGL 1367) was the winning genotype in the mega environment 1 viz., rabi season of 2019-20 (E2), rabi season of 2020-21 (E4) and kharif season of 2019 (E1). Whereas the genotype G9 (KNM 118) was the winner in the mega environment 2 i.e., Kharif, season of 2020 (E3).