Antihyperlipidemic Studies of Methanolic Extract of Gossypium herbaceum: An In silico and In vivo Approach

Aim: To evaluate anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum extract in Wistar Albino Rats.

Methods: The whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum were collected and extracted with methanol by soxhlation. It was tested in Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU) induced hyperlipidemic rat models and antioxidant hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay.

Results: Basic phytochemical tests resulted in the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phytosterols, carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. In rat models of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU), the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of a methanolic extract of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum was studied. MEGH (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment greatly decreased the enhanced serum lipids, restored the decreased HDL compared to disease group. Histopathological examinations showed recovery of the damaged liver cells in Propylthiouracil treated group. The extract's capacity to scavenge free radicals caused by hydrogen peroxide was also measured. Ascorbic acid served as the reference. The result demonstrates that the Gossypium herbaceum whole plant's methanolic extract has substantial antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties. Docking simulation was done to PDB protein of Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and Antoxidant and viewed in discover studio followed by Ramachandran plot.

Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Gossypium herbaceum can be used for management of hyperlipidemia and possess antioxidant activities.